What is ECG?
An ECG (Electrocardiogram) is a test that records the heart’s electrical activity. It helps healthcare professionals assess the rhythm and function of the heart by detecting any irregularities. The ECG visually represents the heart’s activity on a graph, which shows the timing and strength of electrical impulses as the heart beats.
How ECG Works
The heart’s activity generates small electrical signals, which can be detected on the skin’s surface. The ECG machine uses electrodes on the chest, arms, and legs to capture these signals. The machine then produces a graph (ECG tracing) with waves corresponding to each heartbeat phase.
Uses of ECG
1. Diagnosing Arrhythmias: Identifying abnormal heart rhythms (e.g., atrial fibrillation).
2. Detecting Heart Attacks: Finding signs of myocardial infarction (heart attack).
3. Monitoring Heart Health: Checking for issues like electrolyte imbalances, heart defects, or changes due to medications.
4. Assessing Heart Function: Evaluating how well the heart’s chambers work.
Understanding the Results
1. Normal Sinus Rhythm: A normal heart rhythm with typical P, QRS, and T waves.
2. Arrhythmia: Abnormal rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia.
3. Myocardial Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, often indicated by ST segment changes.
4. Myocardial Infarction: Heart attack, which may show specific changes in the ST segment or the presence of abnormal Q waves.